Restructuring & Distressed Situations — Investment Banking Mock Interview
Practice bankruptcy mechanics, waterfall analysis, distressed valuation, and advanced liability management across two difficulty levels.
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Key Topics Covered
Bankruptcy Fundamentals & Priority of Claims
Covers the causes of financial distress including liquidity versus solvency crises, the full claims waterfall from DIP super-priority through secured, unsecured, subordinated, and equity, the Absolute Priority Rule governing distributions, and the Fulcrum Security concept where holders often become the new equity owners post-emergence.
Chapter 11 Mechanics & Restructuring Paths
Walks through Chapter 7 liquidation versus Chapter 11 reorganization, pre-packaged versus pre-arranged versus free-fall bankruptcies, out-of-court options including amend-and-extend and exchange offers, the Automatic Stay as breathing room for the debtor, cramdown mechanics binding dissenting creditors, and strategic bankruptcies by healthy companies seeking contract rejection or litigation resolution.
Waterfall Analysis & Distressed Valuation
Demonstrates multi-tranche waterfall calculations with secured deficiency claims creating pari passu unsecured pools, explains why unsecured debt can trade above zero even when senior claims are not fully covered due to nuisance value, option value, and unencumbered assets, and covers the direct method 13-Week Cash Flow Model for monitoring near-term liquidity.
DIP Financing, Credit Bidding & Section 363 Sales
Explains DIP super-priority status and why existing lenders fund 60-80 percent of DIP facilities, priming liens that push pre-petition secured lenders down the waterfall, roll-up DIP structures converting old debt to super-priority, Section 363 credit bidding allowing secured lenders to bid face value of debt, and stalking horse bidder protections including break-up fees.
Liability Management & Advanced Restructuring Strategies
Covers dropdown transactions where assets are transferred to unrestricted subsidiaries to raise new debt, uptiering maneuvers where majority lenders create super-priority debt priming the minority, blocking position strategy using one-third of a class to veto plans, Restructuring Support Agreements with death trap provisions, voidable preference clawbacks under Section 547, and loan-to-own PE strategies leveraging discounted debt purchases.
How to Prepare for Restructuring & Distressed Situations Interviews
Practice waterfall calculations with multiple tranches and secured deficiency claims. Both sessions test numerical waterfall problems, and the advanced session includes complex multi-entity scenarios with two subsidiaries where you must trace value through the corporate structure to determine where each tranche trades.
Understand the full spectrum of restructuring paths from out-of-court amendments through pre-packs to free-fall filings. The basic session emphasizes that companies prefer out-of-court restructuring for cost, speed, and stigma reasons, but these deals require near-unanimous consent, which is the key advantage of Chapter 11's cramdown power.
Be able to explain dropdown transactions and uptiering maneuvers as modern liability management exercises. The advanced session covers both the J.Crew-style dropdown where IP is transferred to an unrestricted subsidiary and the Serta-style uptiering where majority lenders create super-priority debt, and how newer credit agreements are drafted to prevent these.
Master the 13-Week Cash Flow Model concept and why the Direct Method of cash flow forecasting is used in restructuring. The sessions explain that when a company is in distress, you need granular week-by-week visibility into actual cash receipts and disbursements, not the Indirect Method's accrual-based approximations.
More Specialist Advisory Groups Topics
View allPrivate Capital Advisory & Fundraising
Covers foundational private capital advisory & fundraising concepts for specialist advisory interviews. Discusses key frameworks, terminology, and introductory technical questions.
Strategic Defense & Shareholder Advisory
Covers foundational strategic defense & shareholder advisory concepts for specialist advisory interviews. Discusses key frameworks, terminology, and introductory technical questions.
About This Restructuring & Distressed Situations Mock Interview
These sessions cover the complete restructuring knowledge base, from the causes of financial distress and early warning signs through the priority of claims waterfall, the Fulcrum Security concept, Chapter 7 versus Chapter 11, DIP financing, out-of-court restructuring options, cramdown mechanics, pre-packaged bankruptcies, the Automatic Stay, and distressed company valuation. The advanced session extends into structural versus contractual subordination with multi-entity waterfall problems, cramdown requirements under Section 1129(b), voting thresholds and blocking positions, Section 363 credit bidding and stalking horse mechanics, priming liens and roll-up DIP structures, dropdown transactions and uptiering maneuvers, the Feasibility Test and Best Interests of Creditors test, voidable preferences under Section 547, Critical Vendor Motions, Restructuring Support Agreements with death trap provisions, and loan-to-own PE strategies.
This topic is part of the Specialist Advisory Groups section of our investment banking mock interview library. It includes 2 sessions covering both basic and advanced difficulty levels. Each session includes multi-speaker audio with realistic interviewer questions and candidate responses, plus a full interactive transcript you can follow along with or study independently.
Audio Recording
49 minutes of multi-speaker audio
Full Transcript
Interactive transcript with timestamps
1 Basic + 1 Advanced
Basic & Advanced
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Jefferies
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Morgan Stanley
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Houlihan Lokey
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Evercore
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Rothschild
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RBC
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Dragoneer
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Moelis & Co.
“I loved IB Vine. I’m going into Private Capital Advisory (PCA); you have the lessons on there for PCA and that was actually a game changer. I went into those interviews and knew about the core PCA concepts like net asset value, primary fundraising vs. secondary advisory, etc. I swear I was on IB Vine like a few hours a day. The opportunity to have that learning section and go through the questions people submit and everything — there’s no better tool out there. I loved the guides/lessons. The user interface is amazing. The way you’ve simplified it is so spectacular — it’s just so much easier to digest. It’s fun to use too; I’d rather use IB Vine than scroll through a guide. To be honest, I think the product is perfect. I genuinely owe you a big thanks.”
Moelis & Co.
“IB Vine is a tool we really love to use in the club I’m a part of, and there’s really no other resource like it. You guys do a phenomenal job with the question bank. I recruited specifically for Energy banking, and IB Vine was my most used resource for generalist questions (which were about 50% of my interview questions; the rest being Energy-specific); the majority of such questions I saw in interviews were at least similar (if not the same) to the ones on IB Vine.”
Perella Weinberg
“Once I read through the BIWS learning guides, I really didn’t refer to them again. I didn’t even really run through the 400 question guide once I found IB Vine, which I heard about through one of my classmates. We even get a free subscription (like most business schools) to Wall Street Prep, and if I’m being completely honest, I never even logged in to WSP. IB Vine is pretty much the only tool I used (along with our club question bank & mock interviews with peers) and it was invaluable for recruiting.”
Cantor Fitzgerald
“What a platform, made such a huge difference. I did superdays at Evercore, PJT, M. Klein and Barclays among others from a non-target school and did not miss a single technical in any interview process through prepping with IB Vine.”
Barclays
“Very accurate questions and all of the solutions are easy to follow. At least 10 of the questions I studied through this platform appeared in my Round 1 or Superday interviews.”
TD Securities
“THANK YOU SO MUCH IB VINE, I COULD NOT HAVE DONE THIS WITHOUT YOU, SERIOUSLY!!! IB Vine was the best website ever. I spent at least two hours on this daily (seriously) from October through I get my offer in February.”
Citadel
“I’m doing public equities this summer and next. I know the name is “IB Vine” but at the undergrad level a lot of the technicals across public equities are the same as investment banking. I recommend your software to all my friends!”
Piper Sandler
“I loved this site! 1000% this is the best resource I used in the process.”
Lazard
“This was the greatest tool ever. I genuinely enjoyed running through the technicals/behaviorals and it was very helpful!”
Houlihan Lokey
“IB Vine was the most helpful resource I had during recruiting. I will continue to promote it to other students at WashU and elsewhere.”
Jefferies
“Awesome product, helped me crush my technicals in my interviews and land a great role. Thank you, seriously was a huge help.”
Morgan Stanley
“Very helpful to get real-life questions unlike the 400 guide, especially for merger math. Built deeper understanding of key concepts.”
Houlihan Lokey
“Extremely helpful study tool that carried me through the recruitment process from start to end.”
Evercore
“You guys are doing great work over there with IB Vine. Absolute staple for interview prep.”
Rothschild
“IB Vine was incredibly helpful and I am forever thankful for all the help.”
RBC
“IB Mock was amazing - I used it for multiple hours. Also the flashcards and the lessons features on IB Vine were fantastic. Thank you!”
Dragoneer
“IB Vine is such a great platform, really impressive. There is so much value in this. The audio podcasts / mock interview library are pretty incredible.”
Moelis & Co.
“I loved IB Vine. I’m going into Private Capital Advisory (PCA); you have the lessons on there for PCA and that was actually a game changer. I went into those interviews and knew about the core PCA concepts like net asset value, primary fundraising vs. secondary advisory, etc. I swear I was on IB Vine like a few hours a day. The opportunity to have that learning section and go through the questions people submit and everything — there’s no better tool out there. I loved the guides/lessons. The user interface is amazing. The way you’ve simplified it is so spectacular — it’s just so much easier to digest. It’s fun to use too; I’d rather use IB Vine than scroll through a guide. To be honest, I think the product is perfect. I genuinely owe you a big thanks.”
Moelis & Co.
“IB Vine is a tool we really love to use in the club I’m a part of, and there’s really no other resource like it. You guys do a phenomenal job with the question bank. I recruited specifically for Energy banking, and IB Vine was my most used resource for generalist questions (which were about 50% of my interview questions; the rest being Energy-specific); the majority of such questions I saw in interviews were at least similar (if not the same) to the ones on IB Vine.”
Perella Weinberg
“Once I read through the BIWS learning guides, I really didn’t refer to them again. I didn’t even really run through the 400 question guide once I found IB Vine, which I heard about through one of my classmates. We even get a free subscription (like most business schools) to Wall Street Prep, and if I’m being completely honest, I never even logged in to WSP. IB Vine is pretty much the only tool I used (along with our club question bank & mock interviews with peers) and it was invaluable for recruiting.”
Cantor Fitzgerald
“What a platform, made such a huge difference. I did superdays at Evercore, PJT, M. Klein and Barclays among others from a non-target school and did not miss a single technical in any interview process through prepping with IB Vine.”
Barclays
“Very accurate questions and all of the solutions are easy to follow. At least 10 of the questions I studied through this platform appeared in my Round 1 or Superday interviews.”
TD Securities
“THANK YOU SO MUCH IB VINE, I COULD NOT HAVE DONE THIS WITHOUT YOU, SERIOUSLY!!! IB Vine was the best website ever. I spent at least two hours on this daily (seriously) from October through I get my offer in February.”
Citadel
“I’m doing public equities this summer and next. I know the name is “IB Vine” but at the undergrad level a lot of the technicals across public equities are the same as investment banking. I recommend your software to all my friends!”
Piper Sandler
“I loved this site! 1000% this is the best resource I used in the process.”
Lazard
“This was the greatest tool ever. I genuinely enjoyed running through the technicals/behaviorals and it was very helpful!”
Houlihan Lokey
“IB Vine was the most helpful resource I had during recruiting. I will continue to promote it to other students at WashU and elsewhere.”
Jefferies
“Awesome product, helped me crush my technicals in my interviews and land a great role. Thank you, seriously was a huge help.”
Morgan Stanley
“Very helpful to get real-life questions unlike the 400 guide, especially for merger math. Built deeper understanding of key concepts.”
Houlihan Lokey
“Extremely helpful study tool that carried me through the recruitment process from start to end.”
Evercore
“You guys are doing great work over there with IB Vine. Absolute staple for interview prep.”
Rothschild
“IB Vine was incredibly helpful and I am forever thankful for all the help.”
RBC
“IB Mock was amazing - I used it for multiple hours. Also the flashcards and the lessons features on IB Vine were fantastic. Thank you!”
Dragoneer
“IB Vine is such a great platform, really impressive. There is so much value in this. The audio podcasts / mock interview library are pretty incredible.”
Moelis & Co.
“I loved IB Vine. I’m going into Private Capital Advisory (PCA); you have the lessons on there for PCA and that was actually a game changer. I went into those interviews and knew about the core PCA concepts like net asset value, primary fundraising vs. secondary advisory, etc. I swear I was on IB Vine like a few hours a day. The opportunity to have that learning section and go through the questions people submit and everything — there’s no better tool out there. I loved the guides/lessons. The user interface is amazing. The way you’ve simplified it is so spectacular — it’s just so much easier to digest. It’s fun to use too; I’d rather use IB Vine than scroll through a guide. To be honest, I think the product is perfect. I genuinely owe you a big thanks.”
Moelis & Co.
“IB Vine is a tool we really love to use in the club I’m a part of, and there’s really no other resource like it. You guys do a phenomenal job with the question bank. I recruited specifically for Energy banking, and IB Vine was my most used resource for generalist questions (which were about 50% of my interview questions; the rest being Energy-specific); the majority of such questions I saw in interviews were at least similar (if not the same) to the ones on IB Vine.”
Perella Weinberg
“Once I read through the BIWS learning guides, I really didn’t refer to them again. I didn’t even really run through the 400 question guide once I found IB Vine, which I heard about through one of my classmates. We even get a free subscription (like most business schools) to Wall Street Prep, and if I’m being completely honest, I never even logged in to WSP. IB Vine is pretty much the only tool I used (along with our club question bank & mock interviews with peers) and it was invaluable for recruiting.”
Cantor Fitzgerald
“What a platform, made such a huge difference. I did superdays at Evercore, PJT, M. Klein and Barclays among others from a non-target school and did not miss a single technical in any interview process through prepping with IB Vine.”
Barclays
“Very accurate questions and all of the solutions are easy to follow. At least 10 of the questions I studied through this platform appeared in my Round 1 or Superday interviews.”
TD Securities
“THANK YOU SO MUCH IB VINE, I COULD NOT HAVE DONE THIS WITHOUT YOU, SERIOUSLY!!! IB Vine was the best website ever. I spent at least two hours on this daily (seriously) from October through I get my offer in February.”
Citadel
“I’m doing public equities this summer and next. I know the name is “IB Vine” but at the undergrad level a lot of the technicals across public equities are the same as investment banking. I recommend your software to all my friends!”
Piper Sandler
“I loved this site! 1000% this is the best resource I used in the process.”
Lazard
“This was the greatest tool ever. I genuinely enjoyed running through the technicals/behaviorals and it was very helpful!”
Houlihan Lokey
“IB Vine was the most helpful resource I had during recruiting. I will continue to promote it to other students at WashU and elsewhere.”
Jefferies
“Awesome product, helped me crush my technicals in my interviews and land a great role. Thank you, seriously was a huge help.”
Morgan Stanley
“Very helpful to get real-life questions unlike the 400 guide, especially for merger math. Built deeper understanding of key concepts.”
Houlihan Lokey
“Extremely helpful study tool that carried me through the recruitment process from start to end.”
Evercore
“You guys are doing great work over there with IB Vine. Absolute staple for interview prep.”
Rothschild
“IB Vine was incredibly helpful and I am forever thankful for all the help.”
RBC
“IB Mock was amazing - I used it for multiple hours. Also the flashcards and the lessons features on IB Vine were fantastic. Thank you!”
Dragoneer
“IB Vine is such a great platform, really impressive. There is so much value in this. The audio podcasts / mock interview library are pretty incredible.”
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